Yueshu LIU

警惕道德還原論和烏托邦主義的陷阱

Introduction

警惕道德還原論和烏托邦主義的陷阱. 警惕道德還原論與烏托邦主義陷阱。許翔東教授批判道德生物增強及神經本質主義，揭示其還原論缺陷與烏托邦風險，強調生物倫理學應堅守哲學基礎，捍衛人類尊嚴。

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English. Professor Xu Xiangdong’s paper “Neuroessentialism and the Dilemmas of Moral Bioenhancement” offers a systematic critique of both moral bioenhancement (MBE) and its underlying theory, neuroessentialism. A key insight of the paper is that the validity of an ethical theory hinges on the soundness of its underlying methodology. Neuroessentialism, grounded in reductionism, erroneously reduces human moral understanding and motivation to mere neural activities in the brain. Meanwhile, the MBE initiative, which seeks to improve moral behaviour through biomedical means, is a technologically premature and scientism-driven utopian endeavour that risks eroding human autonomy and the meaning of moral life. A further crucial implication of the paper is that bioethics researchers must steadfastly preserve the field’s philosophical foundations and defend the dignity of human life.

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