A. Zelya, G. Zelya, T. Makar

Phytosanitary state of potato cancer centres Synchytrium endobiotocum (Schilb.) Perc. in Ukraine

Introduction

Phytosanitary state of potato cancer centres synchytrium endobiotocum (schilb.) perc. In ukraine. Analyze potato wart (Synchytrium endobioticum) phytosanitary status in Ukraine's Carpathian region (2022-2024). Reveals decreased soil infection pressure due to monitoring and control efforts.

Abstract

Goal. To analyze the phytosanitary status of potato wart foci in the Carpathian region of Ukraine and to determine the degree of soil infection pressure caused by the pathogen in 2022—2024. Methods. The material for the study consisted of soil samples collected from various disease foci. Soil samples were taken to detect zoosporangia of the potato wart pathogen using standard methods according to EPPO Standard PM 7/28(2). Zoosporangia of the pathogen were isolated by flotation in a calcium chloride solution. The viability of the zoosporangia was determined using Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 solution. Results. In the surveyed areas, the number of zoosporangia per 1 g of soil was as follows: Zakarpattia region — 34—36; Ivano-Frankivsk region — 32—34; Lviv region — 33.0—36.9; and Chernivtsi region — 42—48. Conclusions. Monitoring of the infection pressure in potato wart foci in the Carpathian region of Ukraine in 2022—2024 showed that, compared to 2016—2019, the level of soil infestation with zoosporangia of the pathogen has decreased. Continuous monitoring of the phytosanitary status has allowed timely response to the threat of disease occurrence. Due to measures for localization, eradication, and prevention of further disease spread carried out by the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, as well as the implementation of effective control measures by researchers of the Ukrainian Scientific Research Plant Quarantine Station of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS, and thanks to the breeders of the Institute of Potato Research and the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region, NAAS, the phytosanitary condition of the fields has been improved in recent years.

Review

This paper presents a timely analysis of the phytosanitary status of potato wart (*Synchytrium endobioticum*) in the Carpathian region of Ukraine. The primary objective was to assess the current state of disease foci and quantify the soil infection pressure by the pathogen between 2022 and 2024. Addressing a critical agricultural threat, the study provides valuable insights into the dynamics of this economically important disease, concluding with an encouraging finding regarding the overall reduction in soil infestation levels compared to previous years. The methodology adopted for the study appears sound and aligns with established international standards. The authors utilized standard EPPO Standard PM 7/28(2) methods for the detection of *S. endobioticum* zoosporangia, enhancing the reliability and comparability of their findings. The use of flotation with a calcium chloride solution for isolation and Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 for determining zoosporangia viability further strengthens the analytical approach. Quantitative results are provided for various regions, detailing zoosporangia counts per gram of soil, which varied from 32 to 48 across Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, and Chernivtsi regions, offering a clear snapshot of the current infection pressure. The conclusions drawn from the study are highly significant, indicating a decrease in the level of soil infestation when compared to data from 2016–2019. This positive trend is attributed to the collaborative and sustained efforts of multiple Ukrainian institutions, including the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, researchers, and breeders. The paper effectively underscores the importance of continuous monitoring, timely intervention, and integrated control measures—such as localization, eradication, and prevention strategies—in managing plant disease threats. This work offers crucial evidence for the effectiveness of current phytosanitary policies and practices in the region and provides a robust foundation for future disease management strategies.

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