Daniarti Daniarti, Asti Nurhayati

Perbandingan Efektivitas antara Aromaterapi Jahe dan Aromaterapi Lavender terhadap Mual Muntah pada Pasien Pasca Sectio Caesarea dengan Anestesi Spinal di Rumah Sakit Umum Anni’mah Wangon

Introduction

Perbandingan efektivitas antara aromaterapi jahe dan aromaterapi lavender terhadap mual muntah pada pasien pasca sectio caesarea dengan anestesi spinal di rumah sakit umum anni’mah wangon. Temukan perbandingan efektivitas aromaterapi jahe dan lavender untuk mual muntah pasca sectio caesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Jahe menunjukkan hasil yang lebih unggul.

Abstract

Background: Cesarean section (CS) with spinal anesthesia frequently leads to postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Pharmacological treatment with antiemetics may cause side effects; therefore, safe non-pharmacological alternatives are needed. Ginger and lavender aromatherapy have shown effectiveness in reducing nausea and vomiting, but direct comparisons in post-CS patients are limited. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ginger and lavender aromatherapy on PONV among post-CS patients with spinal anesthesia. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a two-group pretest–posttest without control design was conducted. Thirty respondents were divided into two groups (ginger = 15, lavender = 15). Interventions consisted of inhalation of ginger or lavender aromatherapy using a diffuser for 15 minutes. PONV was measured with the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching (RINVR) before and 30 minutes after intervention. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent samples t-test. Results: In the ginger group, PONV scores decreased from 20.93 to 12.67 (p < 0.001), while in the lavender group they decreased from 21.53 to 14.67 (p < 0.001). Between-group analysis showed a significant difference (p = 0.002), with ginger being more effective. Conclusion: Both ginger and lavender aromatherapy effectively reduce PONV after CS with spinal anesthesia, with ginger demonstrating superior results.

Review

This study provides a valuable preliminary investigation into non-pharmacological approaches for managing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following cesarean section with spinal anesthesia, a common and distressing complication. The authors' objective to directly compare the effectiveness of ginger and lavender aromatherapy is highly relevant given the desire for safe alternatives to antiemetic drugs. The findings clearly indicate that both ginger and lavender aromatherapy significantly reduce PONV scores, with ginger demonstrating a statistically superior effect. This research contributes important empirical data to the field of complementary and alternative medicine within postoperative care. Methodologically, the quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design appropriately captured changes within each intervention group. The use of a validated instrument, the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching (RINVR), strengthens the reliability of the outcome measurements. However, a significant limitation lies in the absence of a control group (e.g., a placebo or standard care arm). This design choice makes it challenging to disentangle the specific effects of the aromatherapy from potential placebo effects or the natural course of symptom resolution. Furthermore, the relatively small sample size of 15 participants per group, while yielding statistically significant results, warrants cautious interpretation regarding the generalizability of these findings, and the single-center nature of the study may limit external validity. Despite these limitations, the study offers encouraging evidence for the utility of both ginger and lavender aromatherapy as accessible and potentially beneficial adjuncts for PONV management, with a clear advantage shown for ginger. Future research should build upon these findings by incorporating a robust control group to more definitively establish efficacy. Larger, multi-center trials would enhance the generalizability and power of the study, while exploring different concentrations, durations, or delivery methods of the aromatherapies could optimize their clinical application. Further investigation into the mechanisms of action and cost-effectiveness of these interventions would also be valuable contributions to the literature.

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