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Karakteristik eritroderma di RS Ngoerah: studi retrospektif selama 4 tahun

Introduction

Karakteristik eritroderma di rs ngoerah: studi retrospektif selama 4 tahun. Studi retrospektif 4 tahun di RS Ngoerah mengungkap karakteristik eritroderma, penyebab utama psoriasis vulgaris, dan lama rawat inap 3-6 hari. Pahami insiden dan manajemennya.

Abstract

Background: Erythroderma is a severe and potentially life-threatening dermatitis. This disease is characterized by intense and widespread erythema that usually involves more than 90% of the body surface area, with varying degrees of exfoliative skin peeling. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and characteristics of erythroderma cases at Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively on patients with erythroderma who were hospitalized at Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar from 2019 to 2022 through medical record searches covering basic data, medical history, diagnosis, causative factors, accompanying systemic diseases, and length of hospitalization using the total sampling method. The data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 23. Results: There were 34 cases of erythroderma treated as inpatients at Ngoerah Hospital during the period 2019-2022. The most common age group was 20-44 years (35.9%). Psoriasis vulgaris was the most common underlying disease found as the cause of erythroderma (50%). Hypertension (9.26%) was the most common systemic disease found as a comorbidity. The most dominant length of hospitalization for erythroderma cases was 3-6 days (73.53%), followed by ≥7 days (23.53%), and <3 days (2.94%). Conclusion: The majority of erythroderma cases are caused by psoriasis vulgaris. The length of hospital stay for erythroderma is 3-6 days with various accompanying systemic diseases. Identification of the causative factors and appropriate management are necessary to improve recovery and shorten the length of hospital stay in cases of erythroderma. Latar belakang: Eritroderma adalah dermatitis yang parah dan berpotensi mengancam jiwa. Penyakit ini digambarkan sebagai eritema yang intens dan meluas yang biasanya melibatkan lebih dari 90% area permukaan tubuh, dengan tingkat pengelupasan kulit eksfoliatif yang bervariasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui angka kejadian dan karakteristik kasus eritroderma di RS Ngoerah Denpasar. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif retrospektif pada pasien eritroderma yang dirawat inap di RS Ngoerah Denpasar tahun 2019-2022 melalui penelusuran rekam medis meliputi data dasar, riwayat penyakit, diagnosis, faktor penyebab, penyakit sistemik yang menyertai, dan lama rawat inap dengan metode total sampling. Data dianalisis secara deskriptf dengan SPSS versi 23. Hasil: Terdapat 34 kasus eritroderma yang dirawat inap di RS Ngoerah selama periode 2019-2022. Kelompok usia yang paling umum adalah 20-44 tahun (35,9%). Psoriasis vulgaris merupakan penyakit dasar yang umum ditemukan sebagai penyebab eritroderma (50%). Hipertensi (9,26%) merupakan penyakit sistemik yang paling sering ditemukan sebagai komorbiditas. Lama rawat inap paling dominan pada kasus eritroderma adalah 3-6 hari (73,53%), diikuti oleh ≥7 hari (23,53%), dan <3 hari (2,94%). Simpulan: Mayoritas kasus eritroderma disebabkan oleh psoriasis vulgaris. Lama rawat inap eritroderma 3-6 hari dengan berbagai penyakit sistemik penyerta. Identifikasi faktor penyebab dan manajemen yang tepat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesembuhan dan mempersingkat waktu rawat inap pada kasus eritroderma.

Review

The submitted manuscript, "Karakteristik eritroderma di RS Ngoerah: studi retrospektif selama 4 tahun," provides a valuable retrospective analysis of erythroderma cases at Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar over a four-year period (2019-2022). Erythroderma is a severe dermatological condition, and understanding its local characteristics is crucial for effective clinical management. The study successfully identifies the incidence, demographic profile (most common age group 20-44 years), primary etiologies (predominantly psoriasis vulgaris), common comorbidities (hypertension), and typical length of hospitalization (3-6 days) for patients admitted with erythroderma, offering a useful snapshot of the disease burden in this specific healthcare setting. Methodologically, the study employs a clear retrospective descriptive design, utilizing medical records to gather comprehensive data points ranging from basic demographics to causative factors and systemic comorbidities. This approach is appropriate for initial characterization of a relatively rare but severe condition within a single institution. The total sampling method ensures all identified cases within the specified timeframe were included, minimizing selection bias for the study population. While the sample size of 34 cases is relatively small, this is often expected for a severe condition like erythroderma in a single-center study, reflecting its lower prevalence. The descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS is suitable for summarizing the collected data, offering insights into local patterns without over-interpreting for causal relationships. The findings, particularly the dominance of psoriasis vulgaris as the underlying cause and the typical 3-6 day hospital stay, have important implications for clinical practice and resource allocation at Ngoerah Hospital. Identifying common comorbidities such as hypertension also aids in a holistic management approach. This local data can inform educational initiatives for clinicians, refine diagnostic algorithms, and optimize treatment protocols to improve patient outcomes. Future research could expand upon these findings by conducting multi-center studies to enhance generalizability, or prospective studies to gather more detailed clinical data and evaluate specific management interventions. Despite the inherent limitations of a retrospective single-center design and a modest sample size, this study serves as a foundational contribution to understanding erythroderma characteristics in the region, providing a basis for further research and improved patient care.

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