Andi Muhammad Munawir Usman, Andi Ernawati

Gambaran kualitas bakteri koliform air bersih pada sumur gali di Desa Tongute Ternate Kecamatan Ibu Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara

Introduction

Gambaran kualitas bakteri koliform air bersih pada sumur gali di desa tongute ternate kecamatan ibu kabupaten halmahera barat provinsi maluku utara. Cek kualitas air bersih sumur gali Desa Tongute, Halmahera Barat. Ditemukan kontaminasi bakteri koliform pada semua sampel, berpotensi bahaya kesehatan masyarakat.

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) in the Director General of Disease Eradication and Environmental Health states that the average volume of clean water needs for the world's population is different. In developed countries, the water required is approximately 500 liters/or/day. Meanwhile, big cities in Indonesia need 200-400 liters of water/or/day. One of the bacteria that can contaminate water quality is coliform bacteria, which is a group of intestinal bacteria that live in the human digestive tract. And the purpose of this research is to find out the description of Coliform bacteria in clean water of dug wells in Tongute Village, Ternate District, Ibu Subdistrict, West Halmahera Regency, Maluku Province. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University Makassar. The method used in this research is an experimental design with descriptive observation totaling 5 samples of dug wells, carried out with the Most Probable Number (MPN) in the Estimating Test and Confirmation Test for Dug Well Water Samples and Testing on Complementary Tests Using Eosyn Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) Media Growth Media ). The results showed that in the examination of the estimator test using lactose Broth (LB) media, the 5 samples in the estimator test were marked by a change in the solution to yellow color and the appearance of gas bubbles in the Durham tube so that it was suspected that it contained coliform bacteria contamination. In the confirmation test examination using Brilliant Green Lactosa Broth (BGLB) media, a positive test result in the estimator test is continued to the confirmation test to confirm coliform In the confirmation test using the EMBA medium, the positive test result is confirmed by a confirmation test to determine the type of coliform bacteria his. The result is called fecal coliform if the colonies that grow in the medium are metallic green, if the colonies that grow are brick red, it is called non-fecal coliform. It was concluded that there were coliform bacteria in the five dug wells by showing a metallic green color indicator.

Review

This study, titled "Gambaran kualitas bakteri koliform air bersih pada sumur gali di Desa Tongute Ternate Kecamatan Ibu Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara," addresses a critical public health issue concerning the quality of clean water, particularly in rural communities. Recognizing the varying global and national clean water requirements, the authors emphasize the omnipresent threat of coliform bacteria, a known indicator of fecal contamination originating from the human digestive tract. The primary objective of this research was to describe the presence and type of coliform bacteria in clean water obtained from dug wells in Tongute Village, Maluku Province, a finding with significant implications for local water safety and public health. Employing an experimental design with descriptive observation, the researchers collected five samples from dug wells within the specified village. The water quality assessment was rigorously conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory of Hasanuddin University Makassar, utilizing the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. This involved a series of tests: an Estimator Test using Lactose Broth (LB) media, a Confirmation Test with Brilliant Green Lactose Broth (BGLB) media, and a Complementary Test employing Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media to differentiate between coliform types. The results consistently indicated the presence of coliform bacteria across all five samples, initially marked by characteristic yellow solution changes and gas production in the estimator test. Crucially, the subsequent EMBA media analysis revealed metallic green colonies, conclusively identifying the contaminant as fecal coliform. The study definitively concludes that all five dug wells investigated in Tongute Village are contaminated with fecal coliform bacteria. This finding is highly significant as the presence of fecal coliform directly points to recent fecal contamination, posing a considerable health risk to the community relying on these wells for clean water. The research provides valuable, baseline data for local health authorities, highlighting an urgent need for interventions such as improved sanitation practices, regular water quality monitoring, and perhaps alternative water sources or purification methods. While the sample size of five wells is relatively small, the clear identification of fecal coliform, a highly pathogenic indicator, makes the implications of this descriptive study robust and actionable for the targeted community.

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