Ibrahim Suleman, Suardi

Edukasi Pencegahan dan Skrining Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular pada Peserta Prolanis di Puskesmas Limboto

Introduction

Edukasi pencegahan dan skrining risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada peserta prolanis di puskesmas limboto. Edukasi & skrining risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada peserta Prolanis di Puskesmas Limboto tingkatkan pengetahuan. Identifikasi risiko tinggi & rekomendasi tindak lanjut.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality and is associated with risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy dietary patterns. This community service activity aimed to improve participants’ knowledge of cardiovascular disease prevention, estimate 10-year cardiovascular risk, and provide risk-based counseling. The activity was conducted on June 7, 2026, at Limboto Community Health Center, Gorontalo Regency, involving 66 purposively recruited participants enrolled in the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis). Activities included a pretest, interactive health education, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, risk-factor interviews, cardiovascular risk estimation using the 2007 WHO/ISH Non-Laboratory Risk Prediction Chart for South-East Asia Region B, individual counseling, and an immediate posttest. The proportion of participants with good knowledge increased descriptively from 13 (19.7%) before education to 48 (72.7%) afterward. Screening results showed that 22 participants (33.3%) were at low risk, 18 (27.3%) at moderate risk, 14 (21.2%) at moderately high risk, 9 (13.6%) at high risk, and 3 (4.6%) at very high risk. Overall, 26 participants (39.4%) were categorized as having moderately high to very high risk and received counseling and priority follow-up recommendations. The activity identified participants requiring more intensive monitoring and showed a descriptive improvement in knowledge. However, causality cannot be inferred because the evaluation used a pretest–posttest design without a comparison group and an immediate posttest. Health education, cardiovascular risk screening, counseling, and monitoring should be integrated into routine Prolanis activities.

Review

The submitted abstract, "Edukasi Pencegahan dan Skrining Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular pada Peserta Prolanis di Puskesmas Limboto," addresses a critically important public health issue: cardiovascular disease prevention among high-risk individuals. The authors' initiative to implement a comprehensive community service activity, integrating health education, risk screening, and individualized counseling for Prolanis participants, is commendable. The multi-faceted approach aims to improve participants' knowledge and identify those requiring urgent intervention, aligning well with preventive health goals. The descriptive findings, showing a notable increase in the proportion of participants with good knowledge and the successful identification of a substantial number of individuals at moderately high to very high cardiovascular risk, highlight the potential immediate benefits of such interventions in a community health setting. However, the methodological design of this activity presents significant limitations when considered as a basis for robust scientific claims. As acknowledged by the authors, the use of a pretest-posttest design without a control group and reliance on an immediate posttest precludes the inference of causality. While the descriptive improvement in knowledge is encouraging, it is difficult to ascertain whether this change is solely attributable to the intervention, or if other confounding factors or the Hawthorne effect played a role. Furthermore, the short-term evaluation limits insights into the sustainability of knowledge retention or, more critically, behavioral changes and actual reductions in cardiovascular risk over time. The explicit mention of it being a "community service activity" sets expectations appropriately; however, for a journal aiming to publish research findings, these limitations are substantial. Despite these methodological constraints, the activity serves as a valuable demonstration of a practical, integrated approach to CVD prevention at the primary healthcare level within a specific community. The authors' recommendation to integrate health education, cardiovascular risk screening, counseling, and monitoring into routine Prolanis activities is highly pertinent and pragmatic. For future work evolving from this foundation, it would be beneficial to consider more rigorous evaluation designs, such as quasi-experimental studies with comparison groups or longer-term follow-up to assess sustained impact on knowledge, behavior, and clinical outcomes. This would strengthen the evidence base for similar programs and contribute more robustly to public health policy and practice. The current work provides a solid foundation for local intervention but should be framed cautiously regarding generalizable effectiveness.

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