Delima Dwi Agustin, Susintowati Susintowati, Totok Hari Prasetiyo

DIVERSITAS DAN DISTRIBUSI TAKSA GASTROPODA (MOLUSKA) DI TEGAKAN BAKAU PANTAI BAMA TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN, JAWA TIMUR

Introduction

Diversitas dan distribusi taksa gastropoda (moluska) di tegakan bakau pantai bama taman nasional baluran, jawa timur. Pelajari diversitas & distribusi Gastropoda (Moluska) di bakau Pantai Bama TN Baluran, Jawa Timur. Temukan 15 spesies, indeks keanekaragaman, dan pola distribusi taksa yang unik.

Abstract

Taman Nasional Baluran memiliki banyak tipe hutan, salah satunya mangrove. Gastropoda merupakan kelas Moluska terbesar dan terdistribusi luas, termasuk mangrove. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis dan pola distribusi taksa Gastropoda pada tegakan tanaman bakau di mangrove Pantai Bama Taman Nasional Baluran. Pengambilan data dilakukan saat air surut terendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan garis transek. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan plot kuadrat ukuran 2x2 m, jarak antar plot 2 m, dengan menggunakan 5 garis transek dan jarak antara transek 20 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat: 9 ordo, 11 famili, 11 genus dan 15 spesies. Ada 7 spesies yang tidak masuk dalam kuadrat plot namun ditemui di lokasi penelitian. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di tegakan bakau pantai Bama stasiun I adalah 1,547; stasiun II 1,062 dan stasiun III 0,829. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun I. Genus Nerita ditemui memiliki jumlah jenis tertinggi yaitu 4 spesies: Nerita planospira, Nerita litterata, Nerita signata dan Nerita striata. Pola distribusi taksa Gastropoda dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Morisita dan hasilnya terdeteksi pola berkelompok dan teratur. Pola distribusi Gastropoda sehubungan dengan faktor lingkungan terpola berdasar Redundancy Analysis (RDA) menggunakan software Canoco for Windows 4.5 menunjukkan bahwa distribusi taksa spesies Gastropoda di pantai Bama tidak terpaut faktor lingkungan karena rata-rata faktor lingkungan yang terukur memiliki nilai kisaran yang sama di tiga stasiun pengamatan.

Review

This study provides a valuable assessment of gastropod diversity and distribution within the mangrove ecosystem of Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, an important protected area in East Java. The research employs a clear quantitative descriptive approach, utilizing standard ecological methods such as transect and quadrat sampling, alongside widely accepted indices like Shannon-Wiener for diversity and Morisita for distribution patterns. The abstract effectively conveys the scope of the study, which identified a notable richness of gastropod taxa, comprising 9 orders, 11 families, 11 genera, and 15 species within the sampled plots, complemented by an additional 7 species observed in the general area, highlighting the biodiversity of this specific habitat. The findings reveal varying levels of gastropod diversity across the three sampling stations, with Station I exhibiting the highest Shannon-Wiener index (1.547), suggesting localized differences in habitat quality or other ecological drivers. The dominance of the genus *Nerita*, represented by four species, points towards its significant ecological role in this mangrove community. Furthermore, the analysis of spatial distribution using the Morisita Index identified both clumped and regular patterns among the gastropod taxa, indicating complex interactions with the environment and/or conspecifics. However, the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) result, concluding that gastropod distribution is *not* linked to measured environmental factors due to similar ranges across stations, presents a provocative finding that warrants deeper discussion and potential re-evaluation, especially given the observed differences in diversity and distribution patterns among the stations. Overall, the paper offers important baseline data on gastropod communities in a crucial mangrove habitat, contributing to the ecological understanding of Baluran National Park. The methodological approach is sound for data collection and initial analysis. While the study effectively quantifies species richness and diversity, the conclusion regarding the lack of environmental influence on distribution, despite spatial variations, is particularly intriguing and requires further elaboration within the full manuscript. A more detailed presentation of the specific environmental factors measured, their ranges, and the rationale for discounting their influence would strengthen this aspect. Nevertheless, this work serves as a solid foundation for future, more intricate studies exploring the fine-scale drivers of gastropod community structure in such dynamic ecosystems.

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