Arief Joko Saputro, Natan Tebai, Tirta Yoga

Determinan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Tebu: Analisis DEA–Tobit di Kabupaten Kediri

Introduction

Determinan efisiensi teknis usahatani tebu: analisis dea–tobit di kabupaten kediri. Analisis efisiensi teknis usahatani tebu di Kediri menggunakan DEA-Tobit. Efisiensi rata-rata 0.751. Frekuensi ratoon, usia petani (negatif) & kepemilikan lahan (positif) pengaruhi efisiensi. Rekomendasi perbaikan manajemen.

Abstract

This study analyzes the technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in Kediri Regency by combining Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression to identify both efficiency levels and their determining socioeconomic factors. DEA results show that sugarcane farming in the region is generally not yet efficient, with an average technical efficiency score of 0.751 under the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) assumption, 0.868 under Variable Returns to Scale (VRS), and a scale efficiency of 0.870. These values indicate considerable room for improving production performance, particularly through optimizing input use without reducing output. Tobit regression analysis further reveals that socioeconomic characteristics significantly influence the variation in technical efficiency. Three variables show a significant effect: ratoon frequency and farmer age negatively affect efficiency, while landownership status has a positive influence. Higher ratoon cycles reduce efficiency due to declining plant vigor and productivity, whereas older farmers tend to be less efficient due to physical limitations and slower technology adoption. In contrast, landowning farmers are more efficient because they possess stronger incentives and flexibility in farm management. Other variables and type, farming experience, family size, and formal education do not significantly affect efficiency. Overall, the findings highlight the need for improved ratoon management, increased engagement of younger farmers, strengthened land tenure security, and targeted technical training to enhance sugarcane farming performance in Kediri Regency. Government and

Review

This study offers a pertinent analysis of technical efficiency within sugarcane farming in Kediri Regency, employing a robust two-stage methodology combining Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression. The research effectively aims to not only quantify the efficiency levels but also to identify the underlying socioeconomic factors influencing these variations. This integrated approach is a significant strength, allowing for a comprehensive understanding that moves beyond simple measurement to diagnostic insights, thereby providing a strong foundation for targeted interventions in a critical agricultural sector. The DEA results unequivocally indicate that sugarcane farming in the region operates below its optimal potential, with average technical efficiency scores of 0.751 (CRS) and 0.868 (VRS), complemented by a scale efficiency of 0.870. These figures underscore significant inefficiencies and suggest considerable scope for improving production performance, primarily through the optimization of input use. Crucially, the subsequent Tobit regression analysis successfully uncovers the socioeconomic drivers behind these efficiency variations. It highlights ratoon frequency and farmer age as significant negative determinants, suggesting that prolonged reliance on ratooning and an aging farming population hinder productivity. Conversely, landownership status positively influences efficiency, likely attributable to enhanced incentives and management flexibility for landowners, while other common variables like farming experience and formal education show no significant effect. Overall, this research makes a valuable contribution by diagnosing the state of technical efficiency in Kediri's sugarcane sector and providing concrete, data-driven recommendations. The findings are highly pertinent for policymakers, advocating for targeted interventions focused on improving ratoon management practices, implementing strategies to engage younger farmers and facilitate technology adoption, and enacting policies that bolster land tenure security. The study's clear articulation of both the extent of inefficiency and its root causes, coupled with practical recommendations, positions it as an important resource for enhancing the sustainability and productivity of sugarcane farming in Kediri Regency.

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