Lilis Minarseh, Suhaeni Suhaeni, Syarif Hidayat Amrullah

Analisis morfologi dan kadar protein ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) dari tambak budidaya monokultur dan polikultur (Gracilaria sp.) di Kecamatan Bua Kabupaten Luwu

Introduction

Analisis morfologi dan kadar protein ikan bandeng (chanos chanos) dari tambak budidaya monokultur dan polikultur (gracilaria sp.) di kecamatan bua kabupaten luwu. Teliti morfologi & kadar protein ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) dari tambak monokultur & polikultur (Gracilaria sp.) di Luwu. Hasil menunjukkan sedikit perbedaan warna namun kadar protein tinggi yang setara.

Abstract

Chanos chanos alias ikan bandeng populer di Indonesia sebab mempunyai daging yang pulen serta harga terjangkau. Mudahnya pembudidayaan pada tambak monokultur serta polikultur menjadi salah satu penyebab melimpahnya ikan bandeng di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini guna mengetahui (1) perbandingan morfologi dan parameter abiotik habitat (fisiko–kimia); (2) kandungan protein ikan bandeng yang dibudidayakan secara monokultur serta polikultur (Gracilaria sp.) di Kecamatan Bua Kabupaten Luwu. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur deskriptif kuantitatif dengan membandingkan morfologi dan abiotik habitat (fisiko–kimia; pH, salinitas, suhu) serta kandungan protein ikan bandeng dengan analisis metode Kjeldahl. Hasil penelitian pada ikan bandeng (umur 6 bulan dan berat 1 kg) diperoleh bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Perbedaan hanya pada sisi dorsal tubuh berwarna hitam kebiruan dan sisi ventral tubuh berwarna putih bersih serta warna nampak berkilau (dari budidaya monokultur) dengan pH 6,2–6,3, salinitas 3,6‰–3,9‰ dan temperatur 29,3℃–31,3℃, sedangkan sisi dorsal tubuh ikan bandeng yang nampak berwarna coklat kekuningan dan sisi ventral tubuh berwarna putih kekuningan serta warna nampak pucat (dari budidaya polikultur) disertai pH 6,0–6,5, salinitas 2,8‰–3,0‰ dan temperatur 29,0℃–33,0℃. Protein total tertinggi pada ikan bandeng budidaya monokultur yakni 23,20% dan polikultur yakni 23,12%. Besar kandungan protein total tersebut membuktikan bahwa ikan bandeng yang berasal dari habitat tambak budidaya secara monokultur maupun polikultur sama baiknya untuk dikonsumsi sebagai sumber protein untuk tubuh manusia.

Review

This study provides a valuable comparative analysis of milkfish (*Chanos chanos*) raised in monoculture and polyculture systems (with *Gracilaria sp.*) in Bua District, Luwu Regency. Recognizing milkfish as a popular and affordable protein source in Indonesia, the research aimed to investigate potential differences in fish morphology, the physico-chemical parameters of their respective habitats, and crucially, their protein content. This research is relevant to aquaculture practices, offering insights into how different cultivation methods might influence the quality of an important food fish. The authors employed a quantitative descriptive approach, comparing the morphology, habitat abiotic factors (pH, salinity, temperature), and protein content using the Kjeldahl method on 6-month-old, 1 kg milkfish. While the study concluded no significant overall differences in the primary parameters, it meticulously documented distinct morphological variations: monoculture fish displayed a bluish-black dorsal side, clean white ventral side, and a shiny appearance, whereas polyculture fish had a yellowish-brown dorsal, yellowish-white ventral, and a paler color. Correspondingly, slight variations were observed in the abiotic parameters of the cultivation environments. The most impactful finding, however, was the highly similar protein content, with 23.20% for monoculture and 23.12% for polyculture fish. The research effectively demonstrates that, despite minor visual and habitat differences, milkfish from both monoculture and polyculture systems maintain a comparably high protein content, affirming their equal value as a nutritional source for human consumption. This finding is significant for aquaculturists, suggesting flexibility in cultivation methods without compromising the primary nutritional benefit of the fish. Future studies could potentially delve deeper into the specific factors causing the observed morphological differences and explore other nutritional profiles or economic viability of each system, further enriching our understanding of sustainable milkfish aquaculture.

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